GO Term : GO:0016236 macroautophagy GO

Namespace  biological_process Obsolete  false
description  The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure, which then fuse with the lysosome (or vacuole) releasing a single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies which are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Though once thought to be a purely non-selective process, it appears that some types of macroautophagy, e.g. macropexophagy, macromitophagy, may involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded.

0 Cross References

1 Ontology

Name
GO

25 Parents

Identifier Name Description
GO:0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation.
GO:0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.
GO:0006950 response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation).
GO:0006914 autophagy The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation.
GO:0051716 cellular response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell.
GO:0031668 cellular response to extracellular stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an extracellular stimulus.
GO:0044699 single-organism process A biological process that involves only one organism.
GO:0009987 cellular process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.
GO:0008150 biological_process Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end.
GO:0044763 single-organism cellular process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism.
GO:0050896 response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism.
GO:0033554 cellular response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation).
GO:0044710 single-organism metabolic process A metabolic process - chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances - which involves a single organism.
GO:0009056 catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, including the breakdown of carbon compounds with the liberation of energy for use by the cell or organism.
GO:0044248 cellular catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells.
GO:0044712 single-organism catabolic process A catabolic process - chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances - which involves a single organism.
GO:0016236 macroautophagy The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure, which then fuse with the lysosome (or vacuole) releasing a single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies which are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Though once thought to be a purely non-selective process, it appears that some types of macroautophagy, e.g. macropexophagy, macromitophagy, may involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded.
GO:0031669 cellular response to nutrient levels Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients.
GO:0031667 response to nutrient levels Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients.
GO:0009605 response to external stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus.
GO:0071496 cellular response to external stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus.
GO:0007154 cell communication Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.
GO:0009991 response to extracellular stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an extracellular stimulus.
GO:0042594 response to starvation Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of nourishment.
GO:0009267 cellular response to starvation Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of nourishment.

0 Protein

77 Relations

Relationship
Parent Term . Identifier

Child Term . Identifier
part of GO:0016236 GO:0000045
is_a GO:0016236 GO:0000422
is_a GO:0016236 GO:0000423
is_a GO:0016236 GO:0000424
is_a GO:0016236 GO:0000425
is_a GO:0016236 GO:0000426
is_a GO:0009267 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0006914 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0044712 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0009991 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0031669 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0008150 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0031668 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0031667 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0009056 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0008152 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0044699 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0007154 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0009987 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0042594 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0044248 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0071496 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0051716 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0009605 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0033554 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0006950 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0044237 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0044710 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0044763 GO:0016236
is_a GO:0050896 GO:0016236

4 Synonyms

Name Type
autophagy in response to cellular starvation synonym
non-specific autophagy synonym
starvation-induced autophagy synonym
GO:0034262 alt_id